Preheat your oven to 425°F. While it heats, cut potatoes into 1-inch chunks, trim asparagus and cut into 2-inch pieces, mince the garlic (3 cloves for the tomato mixture and 2 cloves for the asparagus), and slice chicken into 1-inch thick strips then flatten slightly and cut into 4 pieces. Tear fresh basil just before serving to prevent browning. This upfront prep ensures everything moves smoothly once cooking begins.
In a bowl, combine the cut potatoes with 1/3 cup pesto and 1/2 teaspoon salt, tossing until potatoes are evenly coated. Spread them in a single layer on a baking sheet and place in the preheated 425°F oven. Roast for 10 minutes—this head start gives potatoes time to begin developing a golden exterior and ensures even cooking throughout the dish.
While potatoes roast, whisk together 16 oz tomatoes, 1.5 tablespoons olive oil, 3 minced garlic cloves, 1/2 teaspoon salt, 1/2 teaspoon pepper, and 1/4 teaspoon red pepper flakes in a bowl. This mixture will create a flavorful sauce that surrounds the proteins and potatoes. I find the red pepper flakes add a subtle warmth that balances the bright basil perfectly.
Remove the pan from the oven and push the roasted potatoes to the sides. Pour the tomato mixture from Step 3 into the center and around the potatoes, then arrange the chicken pieces on top in the center of the pan. Top each chicken piece with a small dollop of the remaining 1/3 cup pesto and a pinch of the remaining 1/2 teaspoon salt. Lower the oven temperature to 375°F and bake for 20 minutes. The chicken will cook gently while the tomato sauce simmers and flavors meld together.
After 20 minutes, remove the pan from the oven. In a bowl, toss the prepared asparagus with 1.5 tablespoons olive oil, 2 minced garlic cloves, 1/2 teaspoon salt, and 1/2 teaspoon pepper. Scatter the asparagus mixture around the pan, nestling it between potatoes and tomatoes. Top each chicken piece with sliced mozzarella (I use Galbani fior di latte because it melts beautifully without becoming greasy). Return to the oven and bake for 10-15 minutes until the cheese is melted and the asparagus is tender.
Remove the pan from the oven when the cheese is melted and bubbly and the asparagus is tender-crisp. Drizzle the entire dish with 1/4 cup balsamic glaze for a sweet-tangy finish, then scatter the fresh basil (torn in Step 1) over the top just before serving. The warm dish will bring out the aromatic basil and create a beautiful, restaurant-quality Caprese presentation.